For the purpose of establishing and perpetuating peace and friendship
between the United States of America and the Comanche and Witchetaw
nations, and their associated bands or tribes of Indians, and
between these nations or tribes, and the Cherokee, Muscogee, Choctaw,
Osage, Seneca and Quapaw nations or tribes of Indians, the President
of the United States has, to accomplish this desirable object,
and to aid therein, appointed Governor M. Stokes, M. Arbuckle
Brigdi.-Genl. United States army, and F. W. Armstrong,
Actg. Supdt. Western Territory, commissioners on the part of the
United States; and the said Governor M. Stokes and M.
Arbuckle, Brigdi. Genl. United States army, with the chiefs
and representatives of the Cherokee, Muscogee, Choctaw, Osage,
Seneca, and Quapaw nations or tribes of Indians, have met the
chiefs, warriors, and representatives of the tribes first above
named at Camp Holmes, on the eastern border of the Grand Prairie,
near the Canadian river, in the Muscogee nation, and after full
deliberation, the said nations or tribes have agreed with the
United States, and with one another upon the following articles:
ARTICLE l. There shall be perpetual peace and friendship
between all the citizens of the United States of America, and
all the individuals composing the Comanche and Witchetaw nations
and their associated bands or tribes of Indians, and between these
nations or tribes and the Cherokee, Muscogee, Choctaw, Osage,
Seneca and Quapaw nations or tribes of Indians.
ARTICLE 2. Every injury or act of hostility by one or either
of the contracting parties on the other, shall be mutually forgiven
and forever forgot.
ARTICLE 3. There shall be a free and friendly intercourse
between all the contracting parties hereto, and it is distinctly
understood and agreed by the Comanche and Witchetaw nations and
their associated bands or tribes of Indians, that the citizens
of the United States are freely permitted to pass and repass through
their settlements or hunting ground without molestation or injury
on their way to any of the provinces of the Republic of Mexico,
or returning therefrom, and that each of the nations or tribes
named in this article, further agree to pay the full value for
any injury their people may do to the goods or property of the
citizens of the United States taken or destroyed, when peaceably
passing through the country they inhabit, or hunt in, or elsewhere.
And the United States hereby guaranty to any Indian or Indians
of either of the said Comanche or Witchetaw nations, and their
associated bands or tribes of Indians, a full indemnification
for any horses or other property which may be stolen from them:
Provided, that the property so stolen cannot be recovered, and
that sufficient proof is produced that it was actually stolen
by a citizen of the United States, and within the limits thereof.
ARTICLE 4. It is understood and agreed by all the nations
or tribes of Indians parties to this treaty, that each and all
of the said nations or tribes have free permission to hunt and
trap in the Great Prairie west of the Cross Timber, to the western
limits of the United States.
ARTICLE 5. The Comanche and Witchetaw nations and their
associated bands or tribes of Indians, severally agree and bind
themselves to pay full value for any injury their people may do
to the goods or other property of such traders as the President
of the United States may place near to their settlements or hunting
ground for the purpose of trading with them.
ARTICLE 6. The Comanche and Witchetaw nations and their
associated bands or tribes of Indians, agree, that in the event
any of the red people belonging to the nations or tribes residing
south of the Missouri river and west of the State of Missouri,
not parties to this treaty, Should visit their towns or be found
on their hunting ground, that they will treat them with kindness
and friendship and do no injury to them in any way whatever.
ARTICLE 7. Should any difficulty hereafter unfortunately
arise between any of the nations or tribe; of Indians parties
hereunto, in consequence of murder, the stealing of horses, cattle,
or other cause, it is agreed that the other tribes shall interpose
their good offices to remove such difficulties, and also that
the Government of the United States may take such measures as
they may deem proper to effect the same object, and see that full
justice is done to the injured party.
ARTICLE 8. It is agreed by the commissioners of the United
States, that in consequence of the Comanche and Witchetaw nations
and their associated bands or tribes of Indians having freely
and willingly entered into this treaty, and it being the first
they have made with the United States or any of the contracting
parties, that they shall receive presents immediately after signing,
as a donation from the United States; nothing being asked from
these nations or tribes in return, except to remain at peace with
the parties hereto, which their own good and that of their posterity
require.
ARTICLE 9. The Commanche and Witchetaw nations and their
associated bands or tribes, of Indians, agree, that their entering
into this treaty shall in no respect interrupt their friendly
relations with the Republic of Mexico, where they all frequently
hunt and the Comanche nation principally inhabit; and it is distinctly
understood that the Government of the United States desire that
perfect peace shall exist between the nations or tribes named
in this article and the said republic.
ARTICLE 10. This treaty shall be obligatory on the nations
or tribes parties hereto from and after the date hereof', and
on the United States from and after its ratification by the Government
thereof.
Done, and signed, and sealed at Camp Holmes, on the eastern border
of the Grand Prairie, near the Canadian river, in the Muscogee
nation, this twenty-fourth day of August, one thousand eight hundred
and thirty-five, and of the independence of the United States
the sixtieth.
Comanches:
Ishacoly, or the wolf, his x mark,
Queenashano, or the war eagle, his x mark,
Tabaqueena, or the big eagle, his x mark,
Pohowetowshah, or the brass man, his x mark,
Shabbakasha, or the roving wolf, his x mark,
Neraquassi, or the yellow horse, his x mark,
Toshapappy, or the white hare, his x mark,
Pahohsareya, or the broken arm, his x mark,
Pahkah, or the man who draws the bow, his x mark,
Witsitony, or he who sucks quick, his x mark,
Leahwiddikah, or one who stirs up water, his x mark,
Esharsotsiki, or the sleeping wolf, his x mark,
Pahtrisula, or the dog, his x mark,
Ettah, or the gun, his x mark,
Tennowikah, or the boy who was soon a man, his x mark,
Kumaquai, or the woman who cuts buffalo meat, his x mark,
Taqquanno, or the amorous man, his x mark,
Kowa, or the stinking tobacco box, his x mark,
Soko, or the old man, his x mark,
Witchetaws:
Kanostowah, or the man who don't speak, his x mark,
Kosharokah, or the man who marries his wife twice, his x mark,
Terrykatowatix, the riding chief, his x mark,
Tahdaydy, or the travellet, his x mark,
Hahkahpillush, or the drummer, his x mark,
Lachkah, or the first man in four battles. his x mark;
Learhehash, or the man who weans children too soon, his x mark,
Lachhardich, or the man who sees things done in the wrong way, his x mark,
Noccuttardaditch, or the man who tries to excel the head chief, his x mark,
Katardedwadick, or the man who killed an enemy in the water, his x mark,
Losshah, or the twin, his x mark
Taytsaaytah, or the ambitious adulterer, his x mark,
Tokaytah, or the summer, his x mark,
Musshakratsatady, or the man with the dog skin cap, his x mark
Kipsh, or the man with one side of his head shaved, his x mark
Cherokees:
Dutch, his x mark,
David Melton, his x mark,
Muscogees:
Roley Mcintosh, his x mark,
Chilly Mclntosh,
Cho-co-te-tuston-nogu, or marshal of the Cho-eo-te clan, his x mark,
Tus-ca-ne-ha, or the marshal, his x mark,
Tusly Hatjoe, or crazy town, his x mark,
Alexander Lasley, his x mark
Neha Harjoe, or crazy marshal, his x mark,
Tustunucke Hatjoe, or crazy warrior, his x mark,
Powes Emarlo, or marshal of Powes clan, his x mark,
Cosa Yehola, or marshal of Cosa clan, his x mark,
Powes Yehola, or marshal of Powes clan, his x mark,
Toma Yehola, or marshal of Toma clan, his x mark,
Cosado Harjoe, or crazy Cosada, his x mark,
Neha Harjoe, or crazy marshal, his x mark,
Cosaria Tustonnogee, or the Cosada warrior, his x mark,
Octiyachee Yehola, or marshal of Octiyachee clan, his x mark
Nulthcup Tustonnogee, or the middle warrior, his x mark,
Ufala Harjoe, or crazy Ufala, his x mark,
Cholafixico, or a fox without a heart, his x mark,
Joseph Miller, his x mark,
Samuel Brown, his x mark,
Archi Kennard, his x mark,
Towannay, or the slender man, his x mark,
Saccasumky, or to be praised, his x mark,
Siah Hardridge, his x mark,
Warrior Hardridge, his x mark,
George Stedham, his x mark,
Itchhas Harjoe, or crazy beaver, his x mark,
Itchofake Harjoe, or crazy deer's heart, his x mark,
Satockhaky, or the broad side, his x mark,
Semehechee, or hide it away, his x mark,
Hoyane, or passed by, his x mark
Melola, or waving, his x mark
Mateter, or the man who missed it, his x mark,
Billy, his x mark,
Tuskia Harjoe, or crazy brave, his x mark,
Aussy, or the pursuer, his x mark
Tohoithla, or standing upon, his x mark,
John Hambly,
K. Lewis,
John Wynn,
David McKillap,
Choctaws:
Mnshada-tubbee, or the man killer, his x mark,
Na-tuck-a-chee, or fair day, his x mark,
Par-chee-ste-cubbee, or the scalp holder, his x mark,
To-pi-a-chee-hubbee, or the painted face, his x mark,
Ya-cha-a-o-pay, or the leader of the warriors, his x mark,
Tus-qui-hola-tah, or the travelling warrior, his x mark,
Tic-eban-jo-hubbee, or the first for war, his x mark,
Nucke Stubbee, or the bullet that has killed, his x mark,
Toqua, or what you say, his x mark
Po-sha-ma-stubbee, or the killer, his x mark,
Nuck-ho-ma-harjoe, or the bloody bullet, his x mark,
Thomas Mickie, his x mark,
Halam-be-sha, or the bat, his x mark,
Ok-chia, or life, his x mark,
Tus-ca-homa-madia, or the red warrior, his x mark,
Tun-up-me-a-moma, or the red man who has gone to war, his x mark,
Par-homa, or the red hoop, his x mark,
No-wah-ba, the man who kills the enemy when he meets him, his x mark,
Hisho-he-meta, or a young waiter, his x mark,
Cho-mada-tubbee, or the man who is sure his enemy is dead, his x mark,
Hokla-no-ma, the traveller in the town, his x mark,
William, his x mark,
Neasho Nubbee, he who knows where the enemy is killed, his x mark,
Jim, his x mark,
Eu-eck Harma, or the man who is never tired, his x mark,
Nat-la Homa, or the bloody man, his x mark,
Pia-o-sta, or to whoop four times, his x mark,
Pa-sha-oa-cubbee, or the man who puts his foot on the scalp, his x mark,
La-po-na, or the man who killed the enemy, his x mark,
A-mo-na-tubbee, or lying in wait to kill, his x mark,
A-fa-ma-tubbee, or the man who kills every thing he meets,
his x mark,
Osages:
Fah-ha-la, or the leaping deer, his x mark,
Shone-ta-sah-ba, or the black dog, his x mark,
Wah-shin-pee-sha, or the wicked man, his x mark,
Tun-wan-le-he, or the town mover, his x mark,
Whoa-har-tee, or the war eagle, his x mark,
Me-tah-ne-gah, or the crazy robe, his x mark
Wah-she-sho-hee, or the smart spirit, his x mark,
Ah-ke-tah, or the soldier, his x mark,
Weir-sah-bah-sha, or the hidden black, his x mark,
Ne-ko-jah, or the man hunter, his x mark,
Hor-tea-go, or like night, his x mark,
Wah-hah-tah-nee, or the fast runner, his x mark,
Wah-nah-shee, or the taker away, his x mark,
Ces-sah-ba, or the man in black, his x mark,
Es-kah-mar-ne, or the white horn, his x mark,
Kou-sah-she-la, or walking together, his x mark,
Tcha-to-kah, or the buffalo, his x mark,
O-ke-sah, or the man aside, his x mark,
Wah-she-wah-ra, or the stopper, his x mark,
Wah-ho-ba-shungee, or the idolater, his x mark
Tone-ba-wah-tcha-la, or hard to look at the sun rising, his x mark
Shoe-chem-mo-nee, or the elk whistler, his x mark,
Wash-kah-cha, or the tumbler, his x mark,
Wah-ha, or the Pawnee chief's namesake, his x mark,
Wah-kee-bah-nah, or the hard runner, his x mark,
War-tch.a-sheen-gah, or the scalp carrier, his x mark,
O-shaun-ga-tun-ga, or the big path, his x mark,
Wah-hee-no-pee, or the bone necklace, his x mark,
Lee-sap-kah-pee, or the man who missed his enemy, his x mark
Wah-to-ke-hak, or raw meat, his x mark,
Wah-wah-shee, or quick runner, his x mark,
Kah-he-ka-saree, or chief killer, his x mark,
O-lash-tah-ba, or plate-licker, his x mark,
Ma-ne-nah-shee, or the walker, his x mark,
Shaun-ga-mo-nee, or the fall chief, his x mark,
Tee-sha-wah-ra, or dry grass, his x mark,
Ne-kah-wah-shee-tun-gah, or the brave spirit, his x mark,
Senecas:
Thomas Brant, his x mark,
Small Crout Spicer, his x mark,
Isaac, his x mark,
Mingo Carpenter, his x mark,
John Sky, his x mark,
Henry Smith, his x mark,
Little Town Spicer, his x mark,
Young Henry, his x mark,
Peter Pork, his x mark,
William Johnston, his x mark,
Big Bone, his x mark,
Big Isaac, his x mark,
Civil Jack, his x mark,
Ya-ga-ha, or the water in the apple, his x mark,
Cau-ya-que-neh, or the snow drift, his x mark,
Ya-ta-ato, or the little lake, his x mark,
Douglass, his x mark,
George Herring, his x mark,
Quapaws:
Hi-ka-toa, or the dry man, his x mark,
Wa-ga-de-tone, or the maggot, his x mark,
Wa-to-va, or the spider, his x mark,
Ca-ta-hah, or the tortoise, his x mark,
Ma-towa-wah-cota, or the dug out, his x mark,
Wa-go-dah-hou-kah, or the plume, his x mark,
Ma-com-pa, or the doctor of the nose, his x mark,
Cas-sa, or the black tortoise, his x mark,
Haw-tez-chee-ka, or the little cedar, his x mark,
Ma-so-goda-toah, or the hawk, his x mark,
Wa-ka-toa-nosa, or the standing man, his x mark,
Motosa, or the black bear, his x mark,
Mor-bre-tone, or the little hawk, his x mark,
Mar-to-ho-ga, or the white bear, his x mark,
To-se-ca-da, or he who shows his track, his x mark,
Tah-tah-ho-so, or the wind, his x mark,
Hi-da-khe-da-sa, or the panther eagle, his x mark
O-tene-cah-chee-ka, or he who struck the enemy, his x mark
Me-ki-wah-kotah, or the star, his x mark,
Ka-ti-mo-ne, or clear weather, his x mark,
Vet-he-ka-ne, or thunder, his x mark,
Ne-to-sa-mo-ne, or the black freshet, his x mark.
In presence of
R. B. Mason, major of dragoons,
G. Birch, major, U. S. Army,
Francis Lee, captain, Seventh Infantry,
Samuel G. I. DeCamp, surgeon,
W. Seawell, lieutenant and aid de camp; secretary to the commissioners,
Thomas B. Ballard,
Augustine A. Chouteau,
John Hambly, United States interpreter to the Creeks,
George Herron,
Leonard C. McPhail, assistant surgeon, U. S. Army
Robert M. French.
Return To Treaty Index
Return To Home Page