CHICKASAW LETTERS -- 1831


John L. Allen to John H. Eaton, 21 JAN 1831:

[M-234 Roll #136]

Chickasaw Agency

21st January 1831

To the Hon.

John H. Eaton

Secretary of War

Sir:

On the 7th Inst. Tisheming [Tishomingo] one of the principal Chiefs Arrested and Seezed the goods of a Pedler by the name of John Walker and gave them up to me; and requested that I would dispose of them as the 7th Article of the Treaty of 1816 directs. I heard the Testemony against the Pedler, it was conclusive against him, he als[o] confessed that he had violated the Law by selling goods within the limits of the Nation.

I gave the Indians one half of the goods; and have sold the other half (with the exception of a few articles) to the Chickasaws, taking particular care that the amount purchased by Individuals should not exceed what would be due them at the next Annuity. The amount of sales is 150$. I thought it would be best for the Govt. that I should sell to the Indians, as they were willing to take them at a fair price, in prefference to puting the goods up at Auction, where they may have been sacrafized.

Col Geo Colbert, Tishemingo & Pistalle Tubbe have made repeated complaints to me (Since Col. Reynolds has been absent) of Intruders Setling on their Land, Stock drivers Pedlers &c. In reply, I have sayed them, that I had written to you on that subject; and was dayly expecting an answer; and probably instructions to put off Intruders.

I have suggested to them the Multiplicity of business you have to attend to; and have assured them that you will not forget the promise you made them at Franklin, (Viz0 that the White should be kept off of their Land.

A Gentleman by the name of Ireland & Isaac Love who accompanyed the exploring party returned a few days since, the account they give of the Country west of the Mississippi is discouraging to the Chickasaws.

I have been informed that the Love Connection is forming a settlement at a place called Pidgeon Roost, and is determined not to move to the new Country.

I was at a Council a few days since, and saw many of the Chief & Warriors they all express a great desire for the return of Col Reynolds and his party, as they are anxious to know the results of the expedition.

According to your Instructions I released the Genl Govt half of McCowens goods; and advised Pistalle Tubbe to release the other half, which he accordingly done.

I have the Honor to be

Very respectfully your

Obt. Servt.
John L. Allen

Sub Agent


Benjamin Reynolds & Geo. S. Gaines to John H. Eaton, 29 JAN 1831:

[M-234 Roll #136]

Washington, Hemstead Co.

Arkansas Territory

29th January 1831

Sir,

The Exploring delegations under our respective guidance united on the South Fort of the Canadian; and having examined the lands on that stream proceeded together to the Main Canadian with the intention of examining the lands on it as high up as the Cross timbers; but above the mounth of the South Fork there is little or no Cane, and the Woods and Prairies having been recently burned, our horses began to fail after subsisting for a week on such small patches of dry grass as we were able to find (what has escaped the fire) and we were compelled to turn over South West to the waters of Boggy a branch of the Red River. Continuing our course we crossed the Leau Bleu and visited Fausse Ouachita. Hence returning we crossed the Leau Bleu and Boggy lower down occasionally touching Red River to Kiamechia. Thence down by old Fort Towson to this place; having spent nearly two months busily examining the lands on the above mentioned water courses.

We deem it proper without taking time to describe the country examined particularly to give you a Slight Sketch of our tour through it and to communicate our opinions as to its capability of affording convinient and ample settlements for the whole Chaktaw tribe and for the Chickasaws.

From Fort Smith to the mouth of the Canadian a distance of from forty to fifty miles the Arkansas bottoms are generally from one to two miles wide, very rich and will timbered, with a fine undergrowth of Cane &c. The Canadian bottoms are not so wide and as we ascend become narrower but are equally rich and well set with cane until we passed the South Fork, when the bottoms became still narrower and no longer afforded cane.

The principal streams running into the Arkansas & Canadian from the south, above Fort Smith, are the Poteau, Sans Bois and South Fork. These all afford some rich well timbered cane bottoms. The smaller creeks & Branches have also some good small bottoms & below South Fork many of them afford fine cane. But the upland is generally poor Prairie of badly timbered & broken.

The dividing ridge between the waters of the Red River and the Arkansas & Canadian lays much nearer the latter than the former & in the event of the Chaktaws becoming desposed to sell a tract to the Chickasaws this ridge would form a proper boundry. The bottoms above mentioned would in our opinion produce bread stuffs, and as much cotton land and timber, be left as would support the Chickasaws, and grow as much Cotton as they would likely plant for a century or two to come, but the uplands being so poor and affording little or no good timber and but few good Springs, and the want of Cane above S. Fork, make it unfit for a large Indian population. United with a portion of the lands North of the Canadian above the North Fork the above division of the Chaktaw tract might be sufficient for the Chickasaws and comply with the stipulation in their treaty by which the United States is bound to furnish them with a country: but we doubt of its giving them satisfaction.

That portion of the Chaktaw tract laying South of the dividing ridge above mentioned is truly a most valuable country for settlement. The Fausse Ouachita, Leau Bleu, Boggy and Kiamichia are all navigable for some 30 to 50 miles up, and afford fine wide rich well timbered cane bottoms, some of the upland is well timbered and rich and the Prairies are also generally rich. This section posses all the advantages desirable for a large settlement either of Hunters, heards men, aggriculturists or manufactuerers, or a portion of all. An extensive outlet to the west with an abundance of game, fine rich cane bottoms for winter, & fine rich Pairies for summer range or cultivation. All classes may find a convenient and profitable field for the exercise of their enterprise and industry. The country abounds in springs & fine streams for miles &c.

But little has passed between the two Delegations on the subject of a purchase or an arrangement for an union of the two Nations in the settlement of this delightful country. The latter, we consider most desirable on many accounts and may in our opinion, be most readily effected if the Chickasaws understood their interest sufficiently well to desire it.

Maj Colbert enquired of the Chaktaw delegation whether their Nation could sell a part of their Country to him for the Chickasaws and was answered that the Chaktaws did not wish to sell any part of their new country: but there seems to be no objection on the part of the Chaktaws to receive the Chickasaws as Chaktaw Citizens. The subject was new to the Chaktaw delegation and was prematurely introduced by Maj Colbert without our advice. Having no instructions from their Nation no judgment can be formed now from what has passed even of the feelings of the members of the Delegation relative to sale. After the Delegations shall have returned to their homes and the Chickasaws had time to reflect on their true situation, and the advantages of sharing this delightful country with their younger brothers; and the Chaktaws favorable to such an union to talk over with the nation the advantages that would result to both tribes from such an union as forming at once decidedly the strongest, wealthiest and most respectable community of aborigines on the continent of America with the means in their own hands of soon becoming civilized educated independent American citizens, we hope for a favorable result.

As soon as practicable after our return home we will forward you a detailed report embracing an accurate description of the Country examined by us, and the information received from Hunters and others of that part of the Chaktaw country west of Fausse Ouichita & the Cross Timbers and of the corrections proper to be made on the map. And at the same time we trust that the parties will have senabled us to judge of their dispositions to comply with the wishes of the Government. Our local situations will enable us to ascertain their feelings on this important subject, and you will be properly advised of them.

More time has been consumed in the examination of the Country that we expected and doubtless more than was expected by you. On meeting and counciling together we deemed a patient and through examination absolutely necessary in order that both Delegations should be convinced that it was amply sufficeint for the convenient & pfofitable settlement of both nations. We regretted that the want of cane or other food for our horses should have prevented us from a minute examination of the lands high up on the Canadian: but we now believe from information derived from Hunters that nothing will be lost in the general result of our labors or that accounts as the lands above the point we left the river are not at all desirable for Indian settlement.

We are withou a dollar left in our pockets, and will be compelled to draw on you for a much larger sum each than you considered necessary for our outfits and travelling expenses. We shall use the utmost dispatch and economy in returning our Delegations to their homes, but the distance is so great and our horses so worn down and weak that we cannot reasonably expect at this season of the year to perform the trip in less than a month. We beg that our drafts may be duly honored.

We have the honor to be

With great respect

Your Obed. Serv.

Benj. Reynolds

Geo. S. Gaines

The Hon.

J. H. Eaton

Secy of War

Washington


Susan (James) Colbert to President Andrew Jackson, 28 MAR 1831:

[M-234 Roll #136]

Tockshish Chickasaw Nation

March 28. 1831

To the President

of the U. States

Sir

In the articles of the treaty which was made and concluded by Major John H. Eaton and Genl. John Coffee with the Choctaw tribe of Indians on the ___ day of September last and in the supplement to the Main treaty, the undersigned begs leave to call your attention was granted a reservation of Six hundred and forty acres of land to be located any where within the limits of the Choctaw Nation on unappropreated land: and also of selling the same to whom I might think proper with your consent, or with the consent of the President of the U. States. Having learned that the above named treaty has been ratified and having met with an opportunity of selling my reservation, which is my wish to do for as great a sum, as I find I shall be able to do within a considerable length of time time to come, and have the payments properly secured. I have this day bargained and sold my claim or reservation to Mess. Paul Gordon and John Bell of Cotton Gin Port, Monroe County,Miss., the object therefor of this Communication is to request your consent to the bargain and sale I have this day made.

My right and interest in said reservation, it may be proper to say to you, I have sold for the sum of One Thousand five huindred dollars, two hundred dollars of which has been paid me in hand -- the balance is well secured to me in three anual installments. The persons named to whom I have sold, I have long known, and have no fears but that the money will be paid me punctually to a day. Your compliance therefore with the above request will confer on me a great favor.

I am Respectfully

Yours &c

Susan [her X mark] Colbert

We the undersigned beg leave to certify to your Excellancy that we were present at the signing of the articles of the Contract thus made and entered into between Susan Colbert of the Chickasaw Nation and Robert Gordon & John Bell of Cotton Gin Port, Miss. and that every thing in relation thereto was conducted with utmost fairness that the Sum of two hundred dollars was paid her in hand; and that the Credit payments named in the above letter, and for which they have executed their notes, we believe will be punctually paid, and that in our opinion no fraud is either designed nor in any wise intended. We further certify that Mrs. Colbert is in easy circumstances and is not compelled to sell, and that it is of her own free will and accord that she makes this sale.

Thomas C. Stuart

L. M. James

Jn A. Bynum


Benjamin Reynolds to John H. Eaton, 5 MAY 1831:

[M-234 Roll #136]

Chickasaw Agency

5th May 1831

Sir

A council of the Chiefs and head men of the Nation is to convene this day at the Kings about a hundred miles west of this place. I presume for the purpose of taking into consideration the subject of the late Treaty, as John McLish applied to me two days since in the name of Levi Colbert for the Treaty in order that they might have it at the council, and also advising me that early after this council another consisting of the Chiefs would meet at this place. When I set out to the West last fall I left the Treaty in the care of Mrs. Reynolds and in my absence Majr. J. L. Allen the sub agent called on her for it and she hisitated to give it up. Majr observed that it was a public paper which he had the right to see and as a public offiver she surrendered the paper to him, on Mr. McLish's application I applied to Mrs. Reynolds and she related the circumstances by which it went out of her possession. I immediately applied to Majr Allen who reports that it is lost or mislaid, he recolects taking possession of it to show to a Dr. Bumpass and others, but says he has no knowledge of what has became of it. Upon his report I informed Mr. McLish of the circumstances and promised him that I would immediately write requesting you to send me a copy.

I exceedingly regreate the nessessity of this communication but do asure you it has not gone out of my possession by any carlessness or neglect of mine for I have at all times been mindfull of your injunction when you intrusted to my a care a copy of the Treaty.

Majr. Allen was apprised that the paper was not for public examination.

I have the honor to be

With great respect

Your Obt. Sevt.

Benj. Reynolds

Honlb. John H. Eaton


Chickasaws to President Andrew Jackson, 28 MAY 1831:

[M-234 Roll #136]

Chickasaw Agency

May 28th 1831

To Our Father Genl. Jackson

Agreeable to a treaty held at Franklin (Ten) in 1830 between the Honl. John H. Eaton & Genl. John Coffee commissioners &c and a delegation of your Chickasaw children, a delegation was selected by the Nation who proceeded under the guidance and care of our Agent in search of a country and a home west of the Mississippi River, we traveled westwardly through the Territory of Arkansas and through the Cherokee country and seen a small portion of the Creek country we then traveled South and west going to the country on the Canadian the Red Rivers and their Tributary streams as through an examination as the unusual cold weather would admit.

Father, we met a delegation of our Choctaw brothers under the care of their Friend Col. George S Gaines on the South Fork of the Canadian, we traveled with them over their country and after becoming satisfied as to its extent and quality we saw not more good lands than what we thought they would want themselves, not withstanding we proposed to purchase a part for our own People, they refused to sell and sayd that they had not more good lands then they wanted and would not sell one Foot.

Father, It is our wish and hope to preserve our independence & our Nation and our names to the latest generation, and for this purpose and in order that we might become more than merely acquainted with the country west of Arkansas as possible, we petitioned our agent to permit a portion of our delegation to cross the Red River and examine a portion of the Texes country which was granted and our agent gave us his purse and all the means in his power to make our journey comfortable and he afforded us protection accordingly five of us in number proceeded a cross the Red river not far above were the east boundrey of the Choctaw country strikes the Red river and Proceeded to examine the country between the Res & Sabbeen rivers, this country we are well pleased with.

Father, The tract of country which we explored South of the Red river lyes along side your Choctaw Nation and between the Red and Sabbeen rivers and adjoining the west boundry of the State of Louisiana from river to river. If this country can be purchased for us our Nation will remove and be satisfied, we see no other country which we think would suit us so well.

Father, we hope that you will not think that your Chickasaw children are disposed to remove beyond your controll and protecting care, we love our white Brothers, and have been a happy people under your care and protection untill of late, the State of Mississippi has extended her laws over us and we are threatened and looking for the same fate from Alabama.

Father, we are told that the laws of these states are written in more than a hundred big books we cannot read, we cannot understand them and altho we love our White brothern, we cannot see in the extention of these state laws over us any thing but injustice and oppression. We have been taught to look to the east from the days of our great and beloved Father George Washington to the days of our great and beloved Father Genl. Jackson for protection, we have not lost confidence but will wait with patience for the country which our brothers Majr Eaton & Genl. Coffee promised us which is to be equal in extent to the one we now occupy with water soil & timber sufficient for all the purposes of the Chickasaw people.

Father, we have ever been true and faithful to all treatys that have been entered into by our Nation and we still have confidence in our Father the President that when he finds that we are anxious to comply with the late treaty, that he will not see his Chickasaw children brought under state laws which we cannot understand. Your red children is now oppressed by new laws & customs executed by white officers whose words we do not understand. You have told us Father that if we remain where we are you cannot prevent this state of things.

Father, we know that you speak not with a forked toung, you have told us that you wished to see your Chickasaw children prosperous and happy. We know that we cannot be so under the existing state of things and our only hope is that you will provide a home for us beyond the reach of the white mans laws, where we can again be happy and free in the enjoyments of our own laws and customs and under the protecting care of our Father the President of the United States.

Father, Some of our People are disatisfied and wish to remain at their old homes and think that injustice has been done them, we would therefore respectfully ask that the following clauses & provisions be added to the Treaty --

1st That each Family who may remain shall be entitled to a reservation of a section and a half of land.

2nd each emigrant whose improvements has added value to his occupancy to receive in money such valuation from the government in addition to the sum which he is to receive for his reservation.

Father, we your Chickasaw children being anxious to see our Father, the President we therefore respectfully ask permition for a delegation of our People twelve in number to visit Washington City at your next session of Congress.

Accept Father the fervent wishes of your Chickasaw children for your health and continuation of your useful labours for your country.

With Greate Respect

Your dutiful Children

Oto cha The King his X mark

Tish a mingo his X mark

Maj. Levi Colbert his X mark

Col. George Colbert his X mark

Capt Wm McGilbery his X mark

Capt Saml Sealy his X mark

Mingo Tush cush his X mark

Pis to lo tubbe his X mark

Esh stimo lut cha his X mark

Capt James Brown his X mark

Capt Isaac Alberson his X mark

To co wah his X mark

Ish sta a tubbe his X mark

Bark a tubbe his X mark

Capt Thos Sealy his X mark

Ohe le nah ubbe his X mark

Oke le he ubbe his X mark

Ma ho la ubbe his X mark

Mah teco sho ubbe his X mark

Tho lo te sho his X mark

Cha watta ha his X mark

E lash sho ubbe his X mark

Ohe cubbe his X mark

Newberry's son his X mark

Tho lah mo tubbe his X mark

Boh me ah tubbe his X mark

Capt Thompson sr his X mark

One ta hi a ka tubbe his X mark

Ah ta kin subbe his X mark

Lewis or Pis to la ubbe his X mark

E bah me hubbe his X mark

Ash shah cubbe Junr. his X mark

Chick a saw nah ubbe his X mark

I. Kemp his X mark

J. McLish

John Glover his X mark

Pitman Colbert

Capt Hayse his X mark

Signed in full Council of the Chiefs and Warriors of the Chickasaw Nation at the Chickasaw Agency this 29th May 1831 in presence of

Benj. Reynolds U.S. Agent

John L Allen U S Sub Agent

W.D. King of Ala

Robertson Childress of Tennessee


Benjamin Reynolds to John H. Eaton, 19 JUN 1831:

[M-234 Roll #136]

Chickasaw Agency

15th June 1831

Sir

Enclosed is the abstract and vouchers of the expenses of the late Chickasaw exploring Delegation under my care, showing what has been expended on account of outfit, traveling expenses and advances made on account of there dayly hay, with an estimate of what is due on account of that service, if any errour has crept into the account the loss of some of my papers on the trip and the numerous difficulties which I had to combat in the performance of that service must plead my appology.

You will see by the account marked A, that three of the Chickasaws accompanied me more than was stipulated for by the Treaty of Franklin, learning this fact at Memphis Tennessee where I met the Delegation I remonstrated with Maj. Colbert against there accompanying us and observed that I feared they would not be paid. he insisted that the Nation had appointed them in full council of the whole people and to them it was a matter of greate importance, and he hoped as his greate Father the President was rich he would not object to so small an additional expense when it was hoped that some good might result from it to his red children. And to avoid all unpleasent feelings and particularly in the ouset of the service I have treated them in all respects as a part of the Delegation and there accounts are herewith respectfully transmitted with the rest for your desision. Elap tink bah tubbe No 2, was carried by Maj. Colbert on account that he had long lived in the country west of Arkansas and among the Pawnees and other wild tribes of the west, and spoke the tounge of the Pawnees. Henry Love No 15, a half brede left me at Cantonment Gibson without my knowledge or account. Kim hie che No 16, a young chap of promise was taken sick at St. Francis R. and returned the third day after leaving Memphis Tennessee. Maj. Colbert and Shu ma cha Nos. 1 & 8, the two principal chiefs that crossed the Red river were one month behind the party which returned with me, say until the 27th March and which is not charged in there accts but for which they respectfully ask pay, they returned by water from Natichochies on Red river, leaving Nos. 3-9 &11 in charge of there horses and who has not yet returned but is dayly expected.

I shall set out this day for Mobille for the annuity.

I have the honor to be

With greate Respect

Your Obt. Sevt.

Benj. Reynolds

United States Agent

Honlb. John H. Eaton

Sec of War

Washington City


President Andrew Jackson to Dept. of War, 18 OCT 1831:

[M-234 Roll #136]

Washington City

Oct 18th 1831

Sir,

Please make out a commission for Genl. John H. Eaton and Genl. John Coffee empowering them to proceed to the Chickasaw and Choctaw Nations of Indians to negotiate and arange with the latter Nation for a surrender of Four and a half Millions of acres of the tract of Seventeen Millions laid out and patented to the Indians of that tribe West of the Mississippi. It is of importance that this should be speedily attempted in order that the Chickasaws may move with their elder brethern the Choctaws. Without this arangement there will be no room for the Chickasaws where they desire to be placed, beyond the limits of the Choctaws and adjoining them.

Respectfully

Y. Svt.
Andrew Jackson


Dept. of War to John H. Eaton, 19 OCT 1831:

[M-234 Roll #136]

Department of War

October 19th 1831

To

Major Jno. H. Eaton

Sir,

The President of the U. States has appointed you a joint Commission with Genl John Coffee, to proceed to the Chickasaw & Choctaw Nations of Indians to negotiate and arrange with the latter nation for a surrender of Four and a half Millions of acres of the tract of land of Seventeen Millions laid out & patented to the Indians of that tribe west of the Mississippi, in order that the Chickasaws may move with their elder brethern the Choctaws, to where they desire to be placed, beyond the limits of the Choctaws and adjoining them.

Very Respectfully

?????

I gave to

Genl Jno. Coffee


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